Research Group Director, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery

Cannon Research Center

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Publications:

Gruber, H.E., Hoelscher, G.L., Ingram, J.A., Zinchenko, N., Hanley, E.N. Jr.: Culture of human intervertebral disc cells on polyamide nanofibers: Extracellular matrix production. Spine 34:4-9, 2009

Rude, R.K., Singer, F.R., Gruber, H.E.: Skeletal and hormonal effects of magnesium deficiency. J. Amer. College of Nutrition. In press 3/18/09

Gruber, H.E., Ingram, J.A., Hoelscher, G.L., Zinchenko, N., Hanley, E.N., Sun, Y.: Asporin, a susceptibility gene in osteoarthritis, is expressed at higher levels in the more degenerated human intervertebral disc. Arthritis Research & Therapy. 11:R47, 2009

Gruber HE and Hanley EN Jr. Ultrastructure of inclusion bodies in annulus cells in the degenerating human intervertebral disc. Biotechnic & Histochemistry. In press 2/10/09

Gruber, H.E., Edward N. Hanley, Jr., and Yubo Sun. Digital Histologic Images: Practical Pointers for Successful Electronic Submission to Biomedical Journals. Biotechnic & Histochemistry. In press, 3/23/09

Gruber, H.E., Ingram, J.A., Zinchenko, N., Hanley, E.N. Practical histologic methodologies for use with cultured cells. In press, Biotechnic & Histochem. 4/13/09

Gruber, HE, Hoelscher GL, Ingram JA, Loeffler, B, Chow, Y, Halligan W, Hanley EN. Prostaglandin E1 and misoprostol increase epidermal growth factor production in 3D-culture human annulus cells. The Spine Journal 9:760-766, 2009

Tapp, H, Deepe R, Ingram JA, Yarmola EG, Bubb, MR, Hanley EN, Gruber HE: Exogenous thymosin ß4 prevents apoptosis in human intervertebral annulus cells in vitro. Biotechnic & Histochemistry, in press, 5/20/09

Tapp, H, Hanley, EN, Patt, JC, Gruber HE: Adipose-derived stem cells: Characterization and current application in orthopaedic tissue repair. A mini-review. Experimental Biology and Medicine. 234:1-9, 2009.

Sun, Y., Mauerhan, D., Loeffler, B, Firestein, G., Hanley, E., Gruber, H.:

Telomerase Transduced Osteoarthritis Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes Display Distinct Gene Expression Profile. Journal of Rheumatology, 36:141-155, 2009

Gruber, HE, Gordon, B, Williams, C, Ingram JA, Norton, HJ, Hanley, EN Jr.: A New Small Animal Model for the Study of Spine Fusion in the Sand Rat. Laboratory Animals. 43:272-277, 2009.

Gruber, HE, Ingram, JA, Davis, Daniel E, Hanley EN Jr.: Increased cell senescence is associated with decreased cell proliferation in vivo in the degenerating human annulus. The Spine Journal. 9:210-215, 2009.

Gruber, HE, Hoelscher, G., Ingram, Y. Chow, B. Loeffler, and Hanley, EN: 1,25(OH)₂-Vitamin D₃ inhibits proliferation and production of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, thrombopoietin, VEGF, and angiogenin by human annulus cells in vitro. Spine. 33(7): 755-765. 2008

Gruber HE, Hoelscher GL, Ingram JA, Hanley EN: Immunolocalization and biochemical evidence of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) in the intervertebral disc. Spine 33(14):E447-E454, 2008.

Gruber, H.E., Hoelscher, G., Ingram, J., Bethea, S., and Hanley, E.N. Jr.: IGF-1 rescues human intervertebral annulus cells from in vitro stress-induced premature senescence. Growth Factors 26:220-225, 2008.

Gruber HE, Mauerhan D, Chow, Y., Ingram JA, Hanley, EN, Sun Y: Three-dimensional culture of human meniscal cells: Extracellular matrix and proteoglycan production. BioMedCentral – Biotechnology. 8:54, 2008

Gruber, HE, Ingram, J., Hoelscher, G, Zinchenko, N., Norton, H.J., Hanley EN Jr.: Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and its Receptor in the Human and Sand Rat Intervertebral Disc. Arthritis Res. & Therapy, 10:R82, 2008

Tapp, H, Deepe, R, Ingram J, Loeffler, B., Kuremsky M, Hanley, EN., Gruber, HE: Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells from the sand rat: Direction to a disc-like phenotype and co-culture with human annulus cells. BioMedCentral Arthritis Res. & Therapy 10:R89, 2008

Gruber, HE, Bornstein, P, Sage, HE, Ingram, JA, Zinchenko, N., Norton, HJ, and Hanley, EN Jr.: Disruption of the Thrombospondin-2 Gene Alters Lamellar Morphology but Does not Effect Vascularization of the Adult Mouse Lumbar Disc. BioMed Central Arthritis Research & Therapy, 10(4):R96. 2008

Gruber, HE, Ingram JA, Leslie K, Hanley EN Jr.: Gene expression of types I, II and VI collagen, aggrecan, and chondroitin-6-sulfotransferase in the human annulus: in situ hybridization findings. The Spine Journal, 8:810-817, 2008

Gruber, H.E., Gordon, B., Norton, HJ, Kilburn J, Williams C., Zinchenko, N., Heath, J., Ingram, J., Hanley, E.N.: Analysis of cell death and vertebral endplate bone mineral density in the annulus of the aging sand rat. The Spine Journal, 8:475-481, 2008

Kurihara, N., Hiruma, Y., Zhou, H., Subler, M.A., Dempster, D.W., Singer, F.R., Reddy, S.V., Gruber, H.E., Windle, J., Roodman, G.D. Mutation of the sequestasome-1 gene (p62) increases osteoclastogenesis but does not induce Paget disease. Journal of Clinical Investigation. 117:133-142, 2007

Gruber HE, Mougeot J-L, Hoelscher GL, Ingram JA, Hanley, EN Jr.: Microarray analysis of laser capture microdissected-annulus cells from the human intervertebral disc. Spine 32:1181-1187, 2007

Gruber, H.E., Hanley, E.N.: Optimization of extracellular matrix production and gene expression by human annulus cells in three-dimensional culture. European Cells and Materials. 13(Suppl. 2):49, 2007.

Gruber, HE, Gordon B, Williams C, Norton HJ, Hanley EN Jr.: Vertebral endplate and disc changes in the aging sand rat lumbar spine: Cross-sectional analyses of a large male and female population. Spine. 32:2529-2536, 2007

Gruber, H.E., Ingram, J.A., Hanley, E.N. Jr.: Morphologic complexity of the pericellular matrix in the annulus of the human intervertebral disc. Biotechnic & Histochemistry, 82:217-225, 2007.

Sun, Y., Firestein, G., Boyle, D., Gruber, H.E., Cheung, H.: Long term culture of telomerase transduced rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes displays a distinct disease-specific gene expression pattern. Journal of Rheumatology 34(10):1959-1970, 2007.

Gruber, HE, Ingram J, Hoelscher G, Hanley EN: Leptin expression by annulus cells in the human intervertebral disc. The Spine Journal, 7(4):437-443, 2007

Gruber, H.E., H.J. Norton, and Hanley, E.N. Jr.: Crystal deposits in the human intervertebral disc: Implications for disc degeneration. The Spine Journal, 7(4):444-450, 2007

Gruber, HE, Ingram, JA, Hoelscher, G, Norton, HJ, and Hanley EN Jr: Cell Polarity in the Annulus of the Human Intervertebral Disc: Morphologic, Immunocytochemical and Molecular Evidence. Spine 32(12):1287-1294, 2007.

Gruber, H.E., Ingram, JA, Hoelscher, G., Norton, HJ, Hanley, EN.: Senescence in cells of the aging and degenerating intervertebral disc: Immunolocalization of senescence associated-ß-galactosidase in human and sand rat discs. Spine. 32(3):321-327, 2007.

Gruber, H.E., Leslie K., Norton, H.J., Heiner, D., Patt, J., Hanley, E.N. Demographic factors that influence human disc cell proliferation in vitro. The Spine Journal, 6:120-124, 2006.

Yokoyama, Y., Wawrzyniak, A., Sarmadi, A.M., Baveja, R., Gruber, H.E., Clemens, M.G., Zhang, J.X.: Hepatic arterial flow becomes the primary supply of sinusoids following partial portal vein ligation in rats. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 21:1567-1574, 2006

Rude, RK, Gruber, HE, Norton, HJ, Wei, LY, Frausto, A, Kilburn, J.: Reduction of dietary magnesium by only 50% in the rat disrupts bone and mineral metabolism. Osteoporosis International 17:1022-1032, July, 2006

Knupp, C, Pinali C, Munro PM, Gruber, HE, Sherratt M, Baldock C, Squire JM. Structural correlation between collagen VI microfibrils and collagen VI banded aggregates. Journal of Structural Biology 154:312-326, 2006

Gruber, H.E., Ingram, J.A., Hanley, E.N.: Immunolocalization of thrombospondin in the human and sand rat intervertebral disc. Spine 31:2556-2561. 2006

Gruber, H.E., Ingram, J.A., Hanley, E.N. Jr.: Cellular immunohistochemical localization of the matricellular protein myocilin in the intervertebral disc. Biotechnic & Histochemistry, 81:119-124, 2006.

Gruber, HE, Hanley, EN Jr.: Do we need biomarkers for disc degeneration? Biomarker Insights 2:131-133, 2006

Singer, FR, Mills, BG, Gruber, HE, Windle, JJ, Roodman, GD. Ultrastructure of bone cells in Paget’s disease of bone. J. Bone Mineral Res. 21(Suppl. 2):P51-P54, 2006.

Gruber, H.E., Hoelscher, G., Leslie, K., Ingram, J., Hanley, E.N. Jr.: Three-dimensional culture of human disc cells within agarose or a collagen sponge: assessment of proteoglycan production. Biomaterials 27:371-376, 2006.

Bosse, M.J., Gruber, H.E., Ramp, W.K.: Internalization of bacteria by osteoblasts in a patient with recurrent, long-term osteomyelitis. A Case Report. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, 87A:1343-1347. 2005

Gruber, H.E., Norton, H.J., Ingram, J., Hanley, E.N. Jr.: The SOX9 transcription factor in the human disc: Decreased immunolocalization with age and disc degeneration. Spine, 30(6):625-630, 2005.

Gruber, H.E., Sage, E.H., Norton, H.J., Funk, S., Ingram, J., Hanley, E.N. Jr.: Targeted deletion of the SPARC gene accelerates disc degeneration in the aging mouse. The Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry. 53(9):1131-1138, 2005

Gruber, H.E., Ashraf, N., Kilburn, J.M., Williams, C., H.J. Norton, Gordon, B.E., and Hanley, E.N. Jr.: Vertebral end plate architecture and vascularization: Application of micro-computerized tomography, a vascular tracer, and immunocytochemistry in analyses of disc degeneration in the aging sand rat. Spine 30(23): 2593-2600, 2005

Rude, R.K., Gruber, H.E., Norton, H.J., Wei, L.Y., Frausto, A., Kilburn, J.: Dietary Magnesium Reduction to 25% of Nutrient Requirement Disrupts Bone and Mineral Metabolism in the Rat. Bone. 37:211-219, 2005.

Gruber, H.E., Ingram, J.A., Hanley, E.N. Jr.: Immunolocalization of MMP-19 in the human intervertebral disc: Implications for disc aging and degeneration. Biotechnic & Histochemistry, 80(3-4):157-162, 2005.

2005 Rude, RK, Gruber, HE, Wei LY, Frausto A: Immunolocalization of RANKL is increased and OPG decreased during dietary magnesium deficiency in the rat. BioMed Central, Nutrition & Metabolism. Nutrition & Metabolism 2:24, 2005

Gruber, H.E., Leslie, K., Ingram, J., Norton, H.J., Hanley, E.N. Jr.: Cell-based tissue engineering for the intervertebral disc: In vitro studies of human disc cell gene expression and matrix production within selected cell carriers. The Spine Journal, 4(1): 44-55, 2004.

Tenholder, M., Davids, J.R., Gruber, H.E., Blackhurst, D.W.: Surgical management of juvenile amputation overgrowth with a synthetic cap. J. of Pediatric Orthopaedics, 24(2):218-226, March/April 2004.

Marshburn, P.B., Meek, J.M., Gruber, H.E., Gordon, B.E., Norton, H.J., and Hurst, B.S. Preoperative leuprolide acetate combined with Interceed optimally reduces uterine adhesions and fibrosis in a rabbit model. Fertility and Sterility, 81(1):194-197, 2004.

Rude, R.K., Gruber, H.E., Norton, H.J., Wei, L.Y., Frausto, A., Mills, B.G.: Bone loss induced by dietary magnesium reduction to 10% of nutrient requirement in rats is associated with increased release of substance P and TNF-alpha. Journal of Nutrition, 134:79-85, 2004.

Gruber, H.E., Ingram, J.A., Leslie, K., Hanley, E.N. Jr.: Cellular, but not matrix, immunolocalization of SPARC in the human intervertebral disc: Decreasing localization with aging and disc degeneration. Spine, 29(20):2223-2228, Oct. 15, 2004.

Gruber, H.E., Leslie, K, Ingram, J, Hoelscher, G., Norton, HJ, Hanley, EN Jr.: Colony formation and matrix production by anulus cells: Modulation in three-dimensional culture. Spine 29(13):E267-E274, 2004.

Gruber, H.E., Ingram, J, Norton, H.J., Wei, L.Y., Frausto, A., Mills, B.G., and Rude, R.K.: Alterations in growth plate and articular cartilage morphology are associated with reduced SOX9 localization in the magnesium-deficient rats. Biotechnic & Histochemistry, 79(1):45-52, 2004.

Rude, R.K., Gruber, H.E.: Magnesium deficiency and osteoporosis: Animal and human observations. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 15(12):710-716, 2004.

Gruber, H.E. and Hanley, E.N. Jr.: Current perspectives on novel biologic therapies for intervertebral disc degeneration. Minerva Ortopedica e Traumatologica, 54(4):297-303, 2003

Gruber, H.E., and Hanley, E.N. Jr.: Biologic strategies for the therapy of intervertebral disc degeneration. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy. 3 (8): 1209-1214, 2003.

Gruber, H.E. and Rude, R.K.: Alterations in osteoclast morphology following osteoprotegerin administration in the magnesium-deficient mouse. Biotechnic & Histochemistry, 78(5):231-236. 2003